Food Preservation Methods
Freezing and Refrigeration
Freezing is probably the most common means of food preservation used to day. Even though refrigerators are products of relatively modern technology, it has since become quite a common fixture in most households today. It has becomes an essential appliance in many homes that enables the proper storage of food by freezing for quite long periods of time.
The main reason why freezing food is an effective way of preserving them stems from how bacteria and other microbes react at low temperatures. Freezing makes bacteria slow down. Their actions to spoil food come to a crawl, even stopping them completely. This makes food last much longer than they would have at room temperature. Freezing can be used to preserve almost all types of food from meat, fruits, vegetables, soups and even beverages. What makes freezing so ideal is that it does not generally affect the quality of the food in terms of taste and texture.
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Pasteurization
Pasteurization is another method of preserving food, most especially the liquid types such as milk and other milk products. This method of food preservation is characterized by having food go through high temperatures at short periods of time in order to sterilize it. High temperatures can kill bacteria found in food as well as break down the enzymes that might cause food spoilage. Unlike boiling, pasteurization helps food retain most of its quality and does not affect its taste and texture. Temperatures and the length of time food may undergo pasteurization would depend on its type.
Food Irradiation
Food irradiation is a relatively modern method of preserving food. It is an effective way of sterilizing food without affecting its quality. Foods that undergo irradiation can remain sterile even while they are stored at room temperature, provided they remain tightly sealed. Despite its effectiveness, many people may have other thoughts whenever they hear about radiation. They may have a wrong perception safety thinking that such food may have gone through levels of "nuclear" radiation. Although food irradiation is effective food preservation methods that can also help prevent many forms of food poisoning, the term that it uses may be perceived negatively and thus has not become a popular method of preserving food.
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